File handling is an essential aspect of programming, allowing us to store and manipulate data stored on various storage devices. In Python, you can work with two types of files: text files and binary files. In this blog, we will explore the fundamentals of file handling, including file modes, reading and writing functions, standard streams, and more. Whether you are a beginner or preparing for your CBSE Class 12 exams, this guide will help you revise the key concepts effectively.